Generative Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale.
GAILS
Self-reported GENERATIVE-AI literacy. Three empirically derived factors: Adaptive Operational Skills (prompt formulation and refinement, tool selection, adaptation to updates, underlying-technology awareness, innovative application), Responsible GenAI Literacy (legal and ethical awareness and conduct, copyright, privacy, bias, disclosure, integrity), Critical Evaluation and Autonomous Use (evaluating accuracy and relevance, recognising limitations and bias, verifying rather than relying, working without the tool).
- Provisionally grouped under
- Length and format
- 34 (from a 43-item pool cut to 34 by a five-expert Delphi review; no item dropped at EFA). 5-point Likert (1 = completely disagree, 5 = completely agree); total = mean of all 34 items (self-report questionnaire)
- Language versions
- English only; no translation or cross-language adaptation exists or is claimed
- Licence
- open with attribution
Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.
- Reference
- Zhang, Y., Qi, J., He, X., Feng, Z., & Ji, F. (2026). The Generative Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale (GAILS): Development, Validation, and Measurement Invariance Across Sex and Occupational Status Groups. PsyArXiv preprint bg6pq (v2, posted 19 August 2026). https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/bg6pq_v2/
More in AI literacy
- ATI - Affinity for Technology Interaction Scale
9 items. open with attribution.
- AIAS-4 - AI Attitude Scale (4-item)
4 items. open with attribution.
- AIAS - Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale
21 (Learning 8, Job Replacement 6, Sociotechnical Blindness 4, AI Configuration 3). open with attribution.
- AILS - Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale
12 (retained from a 31-item validated pool; 65 generated). open with attribution.
- ATAI - Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (ATAI)
5 (2 acceptance, 3 fear). open with attribution.
- ATTARI-12 - Attitudes Towards Artificial Intelligence Scale (ATTARI-12)
12 (4 per ABC facet). open with attribution.
Use this instrument with your own participants
Research Seat is our white-label assessment platform for research teams and academics: we host and deliver an instrument under your branding, score it, and hand back the data. Whether we can deliver this particular one depends on its licence, which here is open with attribution. Tell us what you are measuring and we will say what is possible.