Large-scale assessment.

Foundational reading skills (letter-sound knowledge, phonemic awareness, familiar-word and invented-word reading, oral reading fluency, listening and reading comprehension) and foundational numeracy (number identification, quantity discrimination, missing number, addition and subtraction, word problems) in the early primary grades.

Civic knowledge and reasoning at grade 8, plus civic attitudes, engagement, and perceptions of civic institutions and society; regional modules for Europe, Latin America and Asia.

Computer and information literacy (CIL) as the required test and computational thinking (CT) as an optional test at grade 8, plus student, teacher, school and national ICT-context questionnaires.

US student achievement in reading, mathematics, science, writing, civics, US history, economics, geography and technology and engineering literacy at grades 4, 8 and 12, plus long-term-trend assessments at ages 9, 13 and 17.

15 social and emotional skills in five Big-Five-aligned domains - task performance (persistence, responsibility, self-control, achievement motivation), emotional regulation (stress resistance, emotional control, optimism), collaboration (empathy, trust, cooperation), open-mindedness (curiosity, creativity, tolerance) and engaging with others (sociability, assertiveness, energy) - plus compound skills and student, parent, teacher and principal context questionnaires.

Reading, mathematical and scientific literacy of 15-year-olds, plus a rotating innovative domain (collaborative problem solving 2015, global competence 2018, creative thinking 2022, learning in the digital world 2025) and extensive student, school, teacher and parent context questionnaires.

Adult literacy, numeracy and adaptive problem solving (Cycle 2); problem solving in technology-rich environments (Cycle 1); plus skill use at work and in daily life, and in Cycle 2 the Big Five social and emotional skills measured with the BFI-2.

Reading comprehension at grade 4 across two reading purposes (literary experience, acquiring and using information) and four comprehension processes, with home, school and teacher context questionnaires.

Teacher and school-leader working conditions, professional practices, professional development, self-efficacy, job satisfaction, appraisal and feedback, and school climate.

Mathematics and science achievement at grades 4 and 8, organised by content and cognitive domains, with curriculum, school, teacher and home context questionnaires.