Dispositional Resilience Scale (Hardiness).
DRS-15
psychological hardiness; commitment; control; challenge
- Provisionally grouped under
- Length and format
- 15 items. 4-point Likert (not at all true to completely true); 3 subscales x 5 items (self-report questionnaire)
- Language versions
- Cross-culturally adapted into Norwegian, Swedish, Korean, Italian, Spanish and other languages
- Licence
- open with attribution
Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.
- Reference
- Bartone, P. T. (1995). A short hardiness scale. Paper presented at the American Psychological Society Annual Convention, New York. (DRS-15)
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