Spitefulness Scale.

SS

What it measures

Spitefulness: willingness to harm others even at a cost to oneself (costly punishment / preference-based spite)

Length and format

17 (from a 31-item pool). 5-pt Likert (1 = strongly disagree ... 5 = strongly agree) (self-report questionnaire)

Language versions

Several (English original; adaptations growing).

Normative data

Normative data for this instrument is held in our reference library. The per-population breakdown is not published here.

Licence

open with attribution

Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.

Reference

Marcus, D. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., Mercer, S. H., & Norris, A. L. (2014). The psychology of spite and the measurement of spitefulness. Psychological Assessment, 26(2), 563-574.