Varieties of Sadistic Tendencies.
VAST
- What it measures
- Everyday sadism in two facets: Direct sadism (9 items: pleasure harming others physically/verbally) and Vicarious sadism (7 items: pleasure observing harm)
- Length and format
- 16 items. 5-pt Likert (strongly disagree - strongly agree) (self-report questionnaire)
- Language versions
- Several: PT-BR (Brazilian), + others.
- Normative data
- Normative data for this instrument is held in our reference library. The per-population breakdown is not published here.
- Licence
- open with attribution
Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.
- Reference
- Paulhus, D. L., & Jones, D. N. (in Buckels, E. E., 2018). See psytoolkit.org VAST + Buckels (2023) chapter.
Choosing between this and the alternatives
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