Positive and Negative Affect Schedule.

PANAS

What it measures

Trait/state affect on two broad orthogonal dimensions - Positive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA); 10 PA and 10 NA mood-descriptor items.

Length and format

20 (10 PA + 10 NA). 5-pt intensity (1 very slightly/not at all - 5 extremely); time frame is adjustable (now, today, past week, general) (self-report questionnaire)

Language versions

Translated/validated in 40+ languages incl. ES, FR, DE, IT, PT, TR, ZH, KO, RU, AR, and many more

Normative data

Normative data for this instrument is held in our reference library. The per-population breakdown is not published here.

Licence

open with attribution

Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.

Reference

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.