Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Expanded Form.
PANAS-X
- What it measures
- General PA and NA (the original higher-order dimensions) PLUS 11 specific lower-order affect scales: Fear, Hostility, Guilt, Sadness, Joviality, Self-Assurance, Attentiveness, Shyness, Fatigue, Serenity, Surprise.
- Length and format
- 60 items. 5-pt intensity (as PANAS); flexible time frame (self-report questionnaire)
- Language versions
- Multiple-language adaptations exist (e.g. DE, ES, PT, JA); fewer than the brief PANAS
- Normative data
- Normative data for this instrument is held in our reference library. The per-population breakdown is not published here.
- Licence
- open with attribution
Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.
- Reference
- Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1999). The PANAS-X: Manual for the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Expanded Form. University of Iowa.
Choosing between this and the alternatives
We do not deliver this instrument. If you are selecting a measure for a research programme, a national survey or an assessment product, and the question is which instrument, in which language, against which norms and under which licence, that is the work we do.
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