Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale.
PGCMS
- What it measures
- Morale in older adults across three factors: agitation, attitude toward own ageing, lonely dissatisfaction.
- Length and format
- 17 (revised); 22 (original). yes/no and short multiple-option items (self-report questionnaire)
- Language versions
- 20+ langs incl. ES, ZH, JA, KO, NL, DE, SV, HE, TR
- Normative data
- No normative data held in our reference library for this instrument. That is a statement about our library, not about the published literature.
- Licence
- public-domain / open
Licence classification is a research judgement by the catalogue’s authors, not legal advice, and it can be out of date. Confirm terms with the copyright holder or publisher before using an instrument, especially for commercial use.
- Reference
- Lawton, M.P. (1975). The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: A revision. Journal of Gerontology, 30(1), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/30.1.85
Choosing between this and the alternatives
We do not deliver this instrument. If you are selecting a measure for a research programme, a national survey or an assessment product, and the question is which instrument, in which language, against which norms and under which licence, that is the work we do.
Talk to us about instrument selection